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Origanum

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Title: Origanum  
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Origanum

Origanum
Origanum vulgare
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Subfamily: Nepetoideae
Tribe: Mentheae
Genus: Origanum
L.[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Amaracus Gled.
  • Majorana Mill.
  • ×Origanomajorana Domin
  • Dictamnus Mill. 1754 not L. 1753 nor Zinn 1757
  • Dictamnus Zinn 1757 not L. 1753 nor Mill. 1754
  • Marum Mill.
  • Hofmannia Heist. ex Fabr.
  • Beltokon Raf.
  • Onites Raf.
  • Oroga Raf.
  • Zatarendia Raf.
  • Schizocalyx Scheele rejected name
  • ×Majoranamaracus Rech.f.

Origanum is a genus of herbaceous perennials and subshrubs in the family Lamiaceae, native to Europe, North Africa, and much of temperate Asia, where they are found in open or mountainous habitats. A few species also naturalized in scattered locations in North America and other regions.[2][3][4][5]

The plants have strongly aromatic leaves and abundant tubular flowers with long-lasting coloured bracts. The genus includes the important group of culinary herbs: marjoram and oregano.[6][7]

Origanum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including Coleophora albitarsella.

Species[2]
  1. Origanum acutidens (Hand.-Mazz.) Ietsw. - Turkey, Iraq
  2. Origanum × adanense Baser & H.Duman - Turkey (O. bargyli × O. laevigatum)
  3. Origanum × adonidis Mouterde - Lebanon (O. libanoticum × O. syriacum subsp. bevanii)
  4. Origanum akhdarense Ietsw. & Boulos - Cyrenaica region of eastern Libya
  5. Origanum amanum Post - Hatay region of Turkey
  6. Origanum × barbarae Bornm. - Lebanon (O. ehrenbergii × O. syriacum subsp. bevanii)
  7. Origanum bargyli Mouterde - Turkey, Syria
  8. Origanum bilgeri P.H.Davis - Antalya region of Turkey
  9. Origanum boissieri Ietsw. - Turkey
  10. Origanum calcaratum Juss. - Greece
  11. Origanum compactum Benth. - Spain, Morocco
  12. Origanum cordifolium (Montbret & Aucher ex Benth.) Vogel - Cyprus
  13. Origanum cyrenaicum Bég. & Vacc. - Cyrenaica region of eastern Libya
  14. Origanum dayi Post - Israel
  15. Origanum dictamnus L. – hop marjoram, Cretan dittany, dittany of Crete - endemic to Crete
  16. Origanum × dolichosiphon P.H.Davis - Seyhan region of Turkey (O. amanum × O. laevigatum)
  17. Origanum ehrenbergii Boiss. - Lebanon
  18. Origanum elongatum (Bonnet) Emb. & Maire - Morocco
  19. Origanum floribundum Munby - Algeria
  20. Origanum × haradjanii Rech.f - Turkey (O. laevigatum × O. syriacum subsp. bevanii)
  21. Origanum haussknechtii Boiss. - Turkey
  22. Origanum husnucan-baseri H.Duman, Aytac & A.Duran - Turkey
  23. Origanum hypericifolium O.Schwarz & P.H.Davis - Turkey
  24. Origanum × intercedens Rech.f. - Greece, Turkey (O. onites × O. vulgare subsp. hirtum)
  25. Origanum × intermedium P.H.Davis - Denizli region of Turkey (O. onites × O. sipyleum)
  26. Origanum isthmicum Danin - Sinai
  27. Origanum jordanicum Danin & Kunne - Jordan
  28. Origanum laevigatum Boiss. - Turkey, Syria, Cyprus
  29. Origanum leptocladum Boiss. - Turkey
  30. Origanum libanoticum Boiss. - Lebanon[8]
  31. Origanum majorana L. – (sweet) marjoram - Turkey, Cyprus; naturalized in scattered locations in Europe, North Africa, North + South America
  32. Origanum × lirium Heldr. ex Halácsy - Greece (O. scabrum × O. vulgare subsp. hirtum)
  33. Origanum × majoricum Cambess. – hardy sweet marjoram - Spain including Balearic Islands (O. majorana × O. vulgare subsp. virens)
  34. Origanum microphyllum (Benth.) Vogel - Crete
  35. Origanum × minoanum P.H.Davis - Crete (O. microphyllum × O. vulgare subsp. hirtum)
  36. Origanum minutiflorum O.Schwarz & P.H.Davis - Turkey
  37. Origanum munzurense Kit Tan & Sorger - Turkey
  38. Origanum × nebrodense Tineo ex Lojac - Sicily (O. majorana × O. vulgare subsp. viridulum)
  39. Origanum onites L. - Greece, Turkey, Sicily
  40. Origanum × pabotii Mouterde - Syria (O. bargyli × O. syriacum subsp. bevanii)
  41. Origanum pampaninii (Brullo & Furnari) Ietsw - Cyrenaica region of eastern Libya
  42. Origanum petraeum Danin - Jordan
  43. Origanum punonense Danin - Jordan
  44. Origanum ramonense Danin - Israel
  45. Origanum rotundifolium Boiss. - Turkey, Caucasus
  46. Origanum saccatum P.H.Davis - Turkey
  47. Origanum scabrum Boiss. & Heldr. in P.E.Boissier - Greece
  48. Origanum sipyleum L. -Turkey, Greek Islands
  49. Origanum solymicum P.H.Davis - Antalya region of Turkey
  50. Origanum symes Carlström - Islands of the Aegean Sea
  51. Origanum syriacum L. - Turkey, Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Palestine, Israel, Sinai, Saudi Arabia
  52. Origanum vetteri Briq. & Barbey - Crete
  53. Origanum vogelii Greuter & Burdet - Turkey
  54. Origanum vulgare L. - oregano - Europe, North Africa, temperate Asia (Iran, Siberia, Central Asia, China, etc.); naturalized in parts of North America, New Zealand, Venezuela

Formerly placed here

References

  1. ^ L."Origanum"Genus: . Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2004-09-10. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  2. ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. ^ OriganumAltervista Flora Italiana, genere includes photos plus distribution maps for Europe + North America
  4. ^ Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 590. 1753.Origanum vulgare niu zhi 牛至Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 233
  5. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
  6. ^ RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136.  
  7. ^ Bouchra, Chebli; Achouri, Mohamed; Idrissi Hassani, L.M; Hmamouchi, Mohamed; et al. (2003). "Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oils of seven Moroccan Labiatae against Botrytis cinerea Pers: Fr".  
  8. ^ http://www.theflowerexpert.com/content/flowerbusiness/flowergrowersandsellers/national-native-popular-flowers-of-lebanon

External links

  • Herb Society of America Fact Sheet: Oregano and Marjoram (pdf)
  • Origanum dictamnus
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