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Åke Joel Ohlmarks (June 3, 1911 in Kristianstad, Sweden – 1984 in Crist di Niardo, Brescia, Italy) was a Swedish author, translator and scholar of religion.
He worked as a Lecturer at the University of Greifswald from 1941 to 1945. Together with the Deutsche Christen member Wilhelm Koepp he founded the institute for religious studies there in 1944.
His most notable contribution to the field is his 1939 study of Shamanism.
As a translator, he is notable for his Swedish version of the Icelandic Edda, of Shakespeare's works and of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, the Qur'an and works by Dante, Nostradamus and others.
Ohlmarks translation of Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings was strongly disliked by the author, prompting him to compile his Guide to the Names in The Lord of the Rings. Ohlmarks not just invented many expression of his own, but also took great liberties with the contents of Tolkien's work, both by shortening many parts of it and by inserting his own interpretations.
Tolkien was also dissatisfied by the title Sagan om ringen, "The Saga of the Ring".
As a result of the severe criticism directed against his translation of The Lord of the Rings, both by Tolkien himself and by Swedish Tolkien fandom, Ohlmarks in the late 1970s began to display hostility towards the "Tolkien phenomenon", and in 1982 published a book titled "Tolkien and Black Magic,"[1] expounding a conspiracy theory connecting Tolkien and Tolkien fandom with Nazi occultism.
Despite the criticism and controversy, Ohlmarks's translations remained the only Swedish-language translations of The Lord of the Rings until 2004.
Swedish language, European Union, Finland, Denmark, Lithuania
European Union, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Canada
Milan, Rome, Lombardy, Venice, Germany
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Greifswald, Germany, University of Rostock, East Germany
The Lord of the Rings, J. R. R. Tolkien, The Silmarillion, The Hobbit, Nazism
Queen Victoria, /, United Kingdom, Surrey, Stockholm
J. R. R. Tolkien, The Hobbit, The Silmarillion, World War I, High fantasy