101st United States Congress

101st United States Congress


100th ←	→ 102nd
United States Capitol (2002)
Duration: January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1991

Senate President:	[1] Dan Quayle (R)
Senate Pres. pro tem:	Robert Byrd (D)
House Speaker:	Jim Wright (D) (until June 6, 1989) Tom Foley (D)
Members:	100 Senators 435 Representatives 5 Non-voting members
Senate Majority:	Democratic Party
House Majority:	Democratic Party

Sessions
1st: January 3, 1989 – November 22, 1989 2nd: January 23, 1990 – October 28, 1990

The One Hundred First United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the George H. W. Bush.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Twentieth Census of the United States in 1980. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

1 Major events
2 Major legislation
- 2.1 Enacted
- 2.2 Vetoed
3 Treaties ratified
4 Party summary
- 4.1 Senate
- 4.2 House of Representatives
5 Leadership
- 5.1 Senate
  - 5.1.1 Democratic majority
  - 5.1.2 Republican minority
- 5.2 House of Representatives
  - 5.2.1 Democratic majority
  - 5.2.2 Republican minority
6 Members
- 6.1 Senate
- 6.2 House of Representatives
7 Changes in membership
- 7.1 Senate
  - 7.1.1 House of Representatives
8 References
9 External links

Major events

January 20, 1989: President of the United States, and Dan Quayle became Vice President
February 23, 1989: Senate Armed Services Committee rejected, 9-11, President Bush's nomination of John Tower for Secretary of Defense
March 24, 1989: Exxon Valdez oil spill
December 20, 1989: Operation Just Cause launched to overthrow Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega

Major legislation

Enacted

April 10, 1989: Whistleblower Protection Act, Pub.L. 101–12, 103 Stat. 16
July 27, 1989: Water Resources Development Act of 1990, Pub.L. 101–64
October 28, 1989: Flag Protection Act of 1989, Pub.L. 101–131, 103 Stat. 777
May 22, 1990: Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act of 1989, Pub.L. 101–298, 104 Stat. 201
July 26, 1990: Americans with Disabilities Act, Pub.L. 101–336, 104 Stat. 327
August 18, 1990: Oil Pollution Act of 1990, Pub.L. 101–380, 104 Stat. 484
September 25, 1990: Hotel and Motel Fire Safety Act of 1990, Pub.L. 101–391, 104 Stat. 747
October 30, 1990: Native American Languages Act of 1990, Pub.L. 101–477, 104 Stat. 1152
November 5, 1990: Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990, Pub.L. 101–508, 104 Stat. 1388 (including Human Genome Project funding)
November 12, 1990: Water Resources Development Act of 1990 (WRDA 1990), Pub.L. 101–640
November 15, 1990: Administrative Dispute Resolution Act, Pub.L. 101–552, 104 Stat. 2736
November 16, 1990: Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, Pub.L. 101–601, 104 Stat. 3048
November 29, 1990: Negotiated Rulemaking Act, Pub.L. 101–648, 104 Stat. 4969
November 29, 1990: Immigration Act of 1990, Pub.L. 101–649, 104 Stat. 4978
December 1, 1990: Judicial Improvements Act of 1990, Pub.L. 101–650, 104 Stat. 5128 (including Visual Artists Rights Act)

Vetoed

October 22, 1990: Civil Rights Act of 1990, S. 2104. Override attempt failed in Senate, 66-34 (67 needed).

Treaties ratified

March 1, 1989: Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, an international treaty on copyrights, ratified

Party summary

Senate

Party standings in the Senate

55 Democratic Senators

45 Republican Senators

	Party (Shading shows control)		Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Republican (R)
End of the previous congress	54	45	99	1

Begin	55	45	100	0
End	55	45	100	0
Final voting share	700155000000000000055.0%	700145000000000000045.0%

Beginning of the next congress	56	44	100	0

House of Representatives

	Party (Shading shows control)			Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Republican (R)	Independent (I)
End of the previous congress	258	177	0	435	0

Begin	251	183	0	434	1
End	250	183	0	433	2
Final voting share	700157700000000000057.7%	700142300000000000042.3%	50000000000000000000.0%

Beginning of the next congress	270	164	1	435	0

Leadership

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate

George H. W. Bush (R), until January 20, 1989
- Dan Quayle (R), from January 20, 1989
President pro tempore: Robert Byrd (D)

Democratic majority

Republican minority

House of Representatives

Speaker: Jim Wright (D), until June 6, 1989
- Tom Foley (D), from June 6, 1989

Democratic majority

Majority Leader: Tom Foley, until June 6, 1989
- Dick Gephardt, from June 6, 1989
Majority Whip: Tony Coelho, until June 15, 1989
- William H. Gray, from June 15, 1989
Caucus Chairman: William H. Gray, until June 15, 1989
- Steny Hoyer, from June 15, 1989

Republican minority

Minority Leader: Robert H. Michel
Minority Whip: Dick Cheney, until March 20, 1989
- Newt Gingrich, from March 20, 1989
Conference Chairman: Jerry Lewis

Members

Senate

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress.

Hawaii

3. Daniel K. Inouye (D)
1. Spark M. Matsunaga (D), until April 15, 1990
- Daniel Akaka (D), from May 16, 1990

Idaho

2. James A. McClure (R)
3. Steve Symms (R)

Illinois

3. Alan J. Dixon (D)
2. Paul Simon (D)

Indiana

1. Dick Lugar (R)
3. Dan Coats (R)

Iowa

3. Chuck Grassley (R)
2. Tom Harkin (D)

Kansas

3. Bob Dole (R)
2. Nancy Landon Kassebaum (R)

Kentucky

3. Wendell H. Ford (D)
2. Mitch McConnell (R)

Louisiana

2. J. Bennett Johnston (D)
3. John B. Breaux (D)

Maine

2. William S. Cohen (R)
1. George J. Mitchell (D)

Maryland

1. Paul S. Sarbanes (D)
3. Barbara A. Mikulski (D)

Massachusetts

1. Ted Kennedy (D)
2. John Kerry (D)

Michigan

1. Donald W. Riegle, Jr. (D)
2. Carl Levin (D)

Minnesota

2. Rudy Boschwitz (R)
1. David Durenberger (R)

Mississippi

2. Thad Cochran (R)
1. Trent Lott (R)

Missouri

1. John C. Danforth (R)
3. Kit Bond (R)

Montana

2. Max Baucus (D)
1. Conrad Burns (R)

Nebraska

2. Jim Exon (D)
1. J. Robert Kerrey (D)

Nevada

3. Harry Reid (D)
1. Richard H. Bryan (D)

New Hampshire

2. Gordon J. Humphrey (R), until December 4, 1990
- Bob Smith (R), from December 7, 1990
3. Warren B. Rudman (R)

New Jersey

2. Bill Bradley (D)
1. Frank Lautenberg (D)

New Mexico

2. Pete V. Domenici (R)
1. Jeff Bingaman (D)

New York

1. Daniel Patrick Moynihan (D)
3. Al D'Amato (R)

North Carolina

2. Jesse Helms (R)
3. Terry Sanford (D)

North Dakota

1. Quentin N. Burdick (D)
3. Kent Conrad (D)

Ohio

3. John Glenn (D)
1. Howard Metzenbaum (D)

Oklahoma

2. David L. Boren (D)
3. Don Nickles (R)

Oregon

2. Mark O. Hatfield (R)
3. Bob Packwood (R)

Pennsylvania

1. John Heinz (R)
3. Arlen Specter (R)

Rhode Island

2. Claiborne Pell (D)
1. John H. Chafee (R)

South Carolina

2. Strom Thurmond (R)
3. Ernest F. Hollings (D)

South Dakota

2. Larry Pressler (R)
3. Tom Daschle (D)

Tennessee

1. Jim Sasser (D)
2. Al Gore (D)

Texas

1. Lloyd Bentsen (D)
2. Phil Gramm (R)

Utah

3. Jake Garn (R)
1. Orrin Hatch (R)

Vermont

3. Patrick Leahy (D)
1. James Jeffords (R)

Virginia

2. John W. Warner (R)
1. Charles S. Robb (D)

Washington

3. Brock Adams (D)
1. Slade Gorton (R)

West Virginia

1. Robert Byrd (D)
2. John D. Rockefeller IV (D)

Wisconsin

3. Bob Kasten (R)
1. Herb Kohl (D)

Wyoming

1. Malcolm Wallop (R)
2. Alan K. Simpson (R)

Senate composition by party at the beginning of the Congress

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

1. Sonny Callahan (R)
2. Bill Dickinson (R)
3. Glen Browder (D), from April 4, 1989
4. Tom Bevill (D)
5. Ronnie G. Flippo (D)
6. Ben Erdreich (D)
7. Claude Harris (D)

Alaska

At-large. Don Young (R)

Arizona

1. John J. Rhodes III (R)
2. Mo Udall (D)
3. Bob Stump (R)
4. Jon Kyl (R)
5. Jim Kolbe (R)

Arkansas

1. Bill Alexander (D)
2. Tommy F. Robinson (D then R), switched parties July 28,1989)
3. John Paul Hammerschmidt (R)
4. Beryl Anthony, Jr. (D)

California

1. Douglas H. Bosco (D)
2. Wally Herger (R)
3. Robert T. Matsui (D)
4. Vic Fazio (D)
5. Nancy Pelosi (D)
6. Barbara Boxer (D)
George Miller (D)
8. Ronald V. Dellums (D)
9. Pete Stark (D)
10. Don Edwards (D)
11. Tom Lantos (D)
12. Tom Campbell (R)
13. Norman Y. Mineta (D)
14. Norman D. Shumway (R)
15. Tony Coelho (D), until June 15, 1989
- Gary Condit (D), from September 12, 1989
16. Leon Panetta (D)
17. Chip Pashayan (R)
18. Richard H. Lehman (D)
19. Robert J. Lagomarsino (R)
20. Bill Thomas (R)
21. Elton Gallegly (R)
22. Carlos J. Moorhead (R)
23. Anthony C. Beilenson (D)
24. Henry A. Waxman (D)
25. Edward R. Roybal (D)
26. Howard L. Berman (D)
27. Mel Levine (D)
28. Julian C. Dixon (D)
29. Augustus F. Hawkins (D)
30. Matthew G. Martinez (D)
31. Mervyn M. Dymally (D)
32. Glenn M. Anderson (D)
33. David Dreier (R)
34. Esteban E. Torres (D)
35. Jerry Lewis (R)
George Brown, Jr. (D)
37. Al McCandless (R)
38. Bob Dornan (R)
39. William E. Dannemeyer (R)
40. Christopher Cox (R)
41. Bill Lowery (R)
42. Dana Rohrabacher (R)
43. Ron Packard (R)
44. Jim Bates (D)
45. Duncan Hunter (R)

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

At-large. Thomas R. Carper (D)

Florida

1. Earl Hutto (D)
2. Bill Grant (D then R), switched parties February 21, 1989
3. Charles Edward Bennett (D)
4. Craig T. James (R)
5. Bill McCollum (R)
6. Cliff Stearns (R)
7. Sam M. Gibbons (D)
8. C.W. Bill Young (R)
9. Michael Bilirakis (R)
10. Andy Ireland (R)
11. Bill Nelson (D)
12. Tom Lewis (R)
13. Porter J. Goss (R)
14. Harry A. Johnston (D)
15. E. Clay Shaw, Jr. (R)
16. Lawrence J. Smith (D)
17. William Lehman (D)
18. Claude Pepper (D), until May 30, 1989
- 18. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R), from August 29, 1989
19. Dante B. Fascell (D)

Georgia

Hawaii

1. Patricia Saiki (R)
2. Daniel K. Akaka (D), until May 15, 1990
- Patsy Mink (D), from September 22, 1990

Idaho

1. Larry Craig (R)
2. Richard H. Stallings (D)

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

1. Joseph E. Brennan (D)
2. Olympia J. Snowe (R)

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

1. Jamie L. Whitten (D)
2. Mike Espy (D)
3. G.V. Montgomery (D)
4. Mike Parker (D)
5. Larkin I. Smith (R), until August 13, 1989
- 5. Gene Taylor (D), from October 17, 1989

Missouri

Montana

1. John Patrick Williams (D)
2. Ron Marlenee (R)

Nebraska

Nevada

1. James Bilbray (D)
2. Barbara F. Vucanovich (R)

New Hampshire

1. Bob Smith (R), until December 7, 1990, vacant thereafter
2. Charles Douglas III (R)

New Jersey

1. James Florio (D), until January 16, 1990
- 1. Rob Andrews (D), from November 6, 1990
2. William J. Hughes (D)
3. Frank Pallone, Jr. (D)
4. Chris Smith (R)
5. Marge Roukema (R)
6. Bernard J. Dwyer (D)
7. Matthew J. Rinaldo (R)
8. Robert A. Roe (D)
9. Robert G. Torricelli (D)
10. Donald M. Payne (D)
11. Dean A. Gallo (R)
12. Jim Courter (R)
13. H. James Saxton (R)
14. Frank J. Guarini (D)

New Mexico

New York

George J. Hochbrueckner (D)
2. Thomas J. Downey (D)
3. Robert J. Mrazek (D)
4. Norman F. Lent (R)
5. Raymond J. McGrath (R)
6. Floyd H. Flake (D)
7. Gary L. Ackerman (D)
8. James H. Scheuer (D)
9. Thomas J. Manton (D)
10. Charles E. Schumer (D)
11. Edolphus Towns (D)
12. Major R. Owens (D)
13. Stephen J. Solarz (D)
14. Guy V. Molinari (R), until December 31, 1989 (resigned)
- 14. Susan Molinari (R), from March 20, 1990
15. S. William Green (R)
16. Charles B. Rangel (D)
17. Ted Weiss (D)
18. Robert Garcia (D), until January 7, 1990
- 18. José Serrano (D), from March 20, 1990
19. Eliot L. Engel (D)
20. Nita M. Lowey (D)
21. Hamilton Fish, Jr. (R)
22. Benjamin A. Gilman (R)
23. Michael R. McNulty (D)
24. Gerald B.H. Solomon (R)
25. Sherwood Boehlert (R)
26. David O'Brien Martin (R)
27. James T. Walsh (R)
28. Matthew F. McHugh (D)
29. Frank Horton (R)
30. Louise M. Slaughter (D)
31. Bill Paxon (R)
32. John J. LaFalce (D)
33. Henry J. Nowak (D)
34. Amo Houghton (R)

North Carolina

North Dakota

Byron L. Dorgan (D)

Ohio

1. Tom Luken (D)
2. Bill Gradison (R)
3. Tony P. Hall (D)
4. Mike Oxley (R)
5. Paul Gillmor (R)
6. Bob McEwen (R)
7. Mike DeWine (R)
8. Donald E. "Buz" Lukens (R), until October 24, 1990
9. Marcy Kaptur (D)
10. Clarence E. Miller (R)
11. Dennis E. Eckart (D)
12. John Kasich (R)
13. Don Pease (D)
14. Thomas C. Sawyer (D)
15. Chalmers Wylie (R)
16. Ralph Regula (R)
17. Jim Traficant (D)
18. Douglas Applegate (D)
19. Edward F. Feighan (D)
20. Mary Rose Oakar (D)
21. Louis Stokes (D)

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

1. Ronald K. Machtley (R)
2. Claudine Schneider (R)

South Carolina

South Dakota

At-large. Tim Johnson (D)

Tennessee

Texas

1. Jim Chapman (D)
2. Charles Wilson (D)
3. Steve Bartlett (R)
4. Ralph M. Hall (D)
5. John Wiley Bryant (D)
6. Joe Barton (R)
7. William Reynolds Archer, Jr. (R)
8. Jack Fields (R)
9. Jack Brooks (D)
10. J. J. Pickle (D)
11. Marvin Leath (D)
12. Jim Wright (D), until June 30, 1989
- Pete Geren (D), from September 12, 1989
13. Bill Sarpalius (D)
14. Greg Laughlin (D)
15. Kika de la Garza (D)
16. Ronald D. Coleman (D)
17. Charles W. Stenholm (D)
18. Mickey Leland (D), until August 7, 1989
- Craig Washington (D), from December 9, 1989
19. Larry Combest (R)
20. Henry B. Gonzalez (D)
21. Lamar S. Smith (R)
22. Tom DeLay (R)
23. Albert G. Bustamante (D)
24. Martin Frost (D)
25. Michael A. Andrews (D)
26. Richard K. Armey (R)
27. Solomon P. Ortiz (D)

Utah

Vermont

At-large. Peter Smith (R)

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

At-large. Dick Cheney (R), until March 17, 1989
- Craig L. Thomas (R), from April 26, 1989

Non-voting members

American Samoa: Eni F.H. Faleomavaega (D)
District of Columbia: Walter E. Fauntroy (D)
Guam: Ben Blaz (R)
Puerto Rico: Jaime B. Fuster (PD)
Virgin Islands: Ron de Lugo (D)

House seats by party holding plurality in state
80+ to 100% Democratic	80+ to 100% Republican
60+ to 80% Democratic	60+ to 80% Republican
Up to 60% Democratic	Up to 60% Republican
striped: 50–50 split

Changes in membership

Senate

State (class)	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation
Hawaii (1)	Spark Matsunaga (D)	Died April 15, 1990. His successor was appointed.	Daniel Akaka (D)	May 16, 1990
New Hampshire (2)	Gordon J. Humphrey (R)	Retired and resigned early December 4, 1990, having been elected to the New Hampshire Senate. His successor was appointed.	Bob Smith (R)	December 7, 1990

House of Representatives

District	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date successor seated
Alabama's 3rd	Vacant	Rep. William F. Nichols died during previous congress	Glen Browder (D)	April 4, 1989
Florida 2nd	Bill Grant (D)	Changed party affiliation February 21, 1989	Bill Grant (R)	February 21, 1989
Wyoming's At-large	Dick Cheney (R)	Resigned March 17, 1989 after being appointed United States Secretary of Defense	Craig L. Thomas (R)	April 26, 1989
Florida's 18th	Claude Pepper (D)	Died May 30, 1989	Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R)	August 29, 1989
California's 15th	Tony Coelho (D)	Resigned June 15, 1989	Gary Condit (D)	September 12, 1989
Texas's 12th	Jim Wright (D)	Resigned June 30, 1989	Pete Geren (D)	September 12, 1989
Arkansas 2nd	Tommy F. Robinson (D)	Changed party affiliation July 28, 1989	Tommy F. Robinson (R)	July 28, 1989
Texas's 18th	Mickey Leland (D)	Died August 7, 1989	Craig A. Washington (D)	December 9, 1989
Mississippi's 5th	Larkin I. Smith (R)	Died August 13, 1989	Gene Taylor (D)	October 17, 1989
New York's 14th	Guy Molinari (R)	Resigned December 31, 1989	Susan Molinari (R)	March 20, 1990
New York's 18th	Robert García (D)	Resigned January 7, 1990	José E. Serrano (D)	March 20, 1990
New Jersey's 1st	James Florio (D)	Resigned January 16, 1990 after being elected Governor of New Jersey	Rob Andrews (D)	November 6, 1990
Hawaii's 2nd	Daniel Akaka (D)	Resigned May 15, 1990 after being appointed to the US Senate	Patsy Mink (D)	September 22, 1990
Ohio's 8th	Buz Lukens (R)	Resigned October 24, 1990	Vacant	Not filled this term
New Hampshire's 1st	Bob Smith (R)	Resigned December 7, 1990 after being appointed to the US Senate	Vacant	Not filled this term