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Site 31/6 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, in Kazakhstan, is a launch site used by derivatives of the R-7 Semyorka missile. From 2011 onwards, it was supposed to be the launch site for manned Soyuz missions to the International Space Station, when launches switched from the Soyuz-FG carrier rocket to the Soyuz-2, which was unable to use the launch pad at Site 1/5. However, Site 1/5 has undergone modifications that allow the manned ISS missions to be launched from it. Only few manned missions to the International Space Station are launched from Site 31/6 (Soyuz TMA-06M, Soyuz TMA-15M), when Site 1/5 is unavailable.
It was first used on 14 January 1961, for an R-7A ICBM test mission. It is currently used for commercial Soyuz-FG/Fregat missions, and Soyuz-2 launches. In the 1970s and early 1980s, several manned missions were launched from the site.
Russia, United States, Kazakhstan, Russian Federal Space Agency, France
Russia, R-7 (rocket family), Baikonur Cosmodrome, Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31, Plesetsk Cosmodrome
Russia, Russian language, European Space Agency, Space Shuttle, United States
Plesetsk Cosmodrome Site 43, R-7 (rocket family), Gagarin's Start, Baikonur Cosmodrome, Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31, Plesetsk Cosmodrome
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Gagarin's Start, Manned spaceflight, International Space Station, Cosmonauts
R-7 (rocket family), Soviet Union, Baikonur Cosmodrome, Long March (rocket family), Specific impulse
R-7 (rocket family), Soviet Union, Baikonur Cosmodrome, Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Long March (rocket family)