ISO/IEC 15693, is an ISO standard for vicinity cards, i.e. cards which can be read from a greater distance as compared to proximity cards.
ISO/IEC 15693 systems operate at the 13.56 MHz frequency, and offer maximum read distance of 1–1.5 meters. As the vicinity cards have to operate at a greater distance, the necessary magnetic field is less (0.15 to 5 A/m) than that for a proximity card (1.5 to 7.5 A/m).
Contents
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Communication to the card 1
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Communication to the reader 2
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Amplitude shift keying 2.1
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Frequency shift keying 2.2
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Manufacturer codes 3
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Implementations 4
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Products with ISO15693 interface 5
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External links 6
Communication to the card
Communication from the reader to the card uses an amplitude-shift keying with 10% or 100% modulation index.
The data coding is:
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1 out of 4 pulse position modulation
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2 bits are coded as the position of a 9.44 µs pause in a 75.52 µs symbol time, giving a bit rate of 26.48 kilobits per second The least-significant bits are sent first.
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1 out of 256 pulse position modulation
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8 bits are coded as the position of a 9.44 µs pause in a 4.833 ms symbol time, giving a bit rate of 1.65 kbit/s.
Communication to the reader
The card has two ways to send its data back to the reader:
Amplitude shift keying
Amplitude-shift keying 100% modulation index on a 423.75 kHz subcarrier. The data rate can be:
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Low 6.62 kbit/s (fc/2048)
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High 26.48 kbit/s (fc/512)
A logic 0 starts with eight pulses of 423.75 kHz followed by an unmodulated time of 18.88 µs (256/ fc); a logic 1 is the other way round. The data frame delimitors are code violations, a start of frame is:
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an unmodulated time of 56.64 µs (768/ fc),
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24 pulses of 423.75 kHz
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a logic 1
and the end of a frame is:
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a logic 0
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24 pulses of 423.75 kHz
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an unmodulated time of 56.64 µs
The data are sent using a Manchester code.
Frequency shift keying
Frequency-shift keying by switching between a 423.75 kHz sub carrier (operating frequency divided by 32) and a 484.25 kHz sub carrier (operating frequency divided by 28). The data rate can be:
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Low 6.67 kbit/s (fc/2032)
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High 26.69 kbit/s (fc/508)
A logic 0 starts with eight pulses of 423.75 kHz followed by nine pulses of 484.28 kHz; a logic 1 is the other way round. The data frame delimitors are code violations, a start of frame is:
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27 pulses of 484.28 kHz
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24 pulses of 423.75 kHz
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a logic 1
and the end of a frame is:
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a logic 0
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24 pulses of 423.75 kHz
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27 pulses of 484.28 kHz
The data are sent using a Manchester code.
Manufacturer codes
see ISO/IEC 7816-6
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Code 0x01: Motorola
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Code 0x02: ST Microelectronics
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Code 0x03: Hitachi
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Code 0x04: NXP Semiconductors
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Code 0x05: Infineon Technologies
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Code 0x06: Cylinc
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Code 0x07: Texas Instruments Tag-it™
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Code 0x08: Fujitsu Limited
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Code 0x09: Matsushita Electric Industrial
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Code 0x0A: NEC
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Code 0x0B: Oki Electric
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Code 0x0C: Toshiba
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Code 0x0D: Mitsubishi Electric
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Code 0x0E: Samsung Electronics
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Code 0x0F: Hyundai Electronics
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Code 0x10: LG Semiconductors
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Code 0x16: EM Microelectronic-Marin
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Code 0x1F: Melexis
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Code 0x2B: Maxim
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Code 0x33: AMIC
Implementations
The UID should be always 0xE0. iCLASS family of cards and tags by HID Global, with a maximum read range 45 centimetres (18 in).
Products with ISO15693 interface
External links
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ISO/IEC 15693-1:2000 Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit(s) cards — Vicinity cards — Part 1: Physical characteristics
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ISO/IEC 15693-2:2006 Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Vicinity cards — Part 2: Air interface and initialization
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ISO/IEC 15693-3:2009 Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Vicinity cards — Part 3: Anticollision and transmission protocol
ISO standards by standard number
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1–9999
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10000–19999
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20000+
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Categories
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