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List of Christmas dishes

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List of Christmas dishes

An oven-roasted brine-soaked turkey.

This page is a list of Christmas dishes as eaten around the world. These food items are traditionally eaten at or associated with the Christmas season.

Contents

  • Albania 1
  • Argentina 2
  • Australia 3
  • Belgium 4
  • Brazil 5
  • Canada 6
  • Chile 7
  • Colombia 8
  • Cuba 9
  • Czech Republic 10
  • Denmark 11
  • Dominican Republic 12
  • Finland 13
  • France 14
  • Germany 15
  • Guatemala 16
  • Hong Kong 17
  • Hungary 18
  • Iceland 19
  • India 20
  • Italy 21
  • Jamaica 22
  • Japan 23
  • Lithuania 24
  • Malta 25
  • Mexico 26
  • New Zealand 27
  • Norway 28
  • Panama 29
  • Paraguay 30
  • Philippines 31
  • Poland 32
  • Portugal 33
  • Puerto Rico 34
  • Romania 35
  • Serbia 36
  • Spain 37
  • Sweden 38
  • Trinidad and Tobago 39
  • United Kingdom and Ireland 40
  • United States 41
  • Venezuela 42
  • See also 43
  • References 44
  • External links 45

Albania

  • Traditional Albanian pumpkin and walnut pie – Byrek me kungull dhe arre

This is a traditional Albanian pie cooked usually on Christmas Eve, especially in Catholic families. The ingredients are wheat flour, pumpkin, walnuts, vegetable oil (if fasting is considered) or butter, a pinch of salt and black pepper. Sometimes oregano is added. The pastry layers are traditionally homemade, filled with baked pumpkin mixture, which contains butter, salt and pepper. On top of the mixture, chopped walnuts are sprinkled. Layers are then folded up, put on a flat baking dish in a circular shape and baked. It makes a very delicious and light side dish for Christmas or any other occasion.

Argentina

Vitel toné

Australia

Candy Cane can be hung as edible decorations.

Belgium

Brazil

Canada

Gingerbread house

Chile

Pan de pascua

Colombia

Colombian Buñuelos
Colombian natilla

Colombian Christmas dishes are mostly sweets and desserts. Some of the most popular dishes include:

Cuba

Czech Republic

Christmas cookies (vánoční cukroví)

The traditional meal (served as dinner on Christmas Eve) consists of either fish soup or pea soup and fried fish (traditionally carp) served with potato salad. The recipe for potato salad differs slightly among every Czech family. The main ingredients are: potato cooked with jacket, canned peas, onions, cooked carrots, parsley and celery, pickled gherkins, cooked eggs and mayonnaise. Some families may add grated apples or salami. The best potato salad is prepared a day before Christmas Eve so that all the ingredients can "mellow" for a day. The Christmas dinner should be the first food consumed that day. Those who do not break the Christmas shrove are believed to be able to see a golden pig on a wall.

Before the Christmas holidays, many kinds of sweet biscuits are prepared. The Christmas cookies are then served during the whole Christmas period and exchanged among friends and neighbours. Very popular is also a preparation of small ginger breads garnished by sugar icing.

Denmark

Danish Christmas meal
  • Æbleskiver - traditional Danish spherical pancakes (a type of doughnut with no hole), sprinkled with powdered sugar and served with raspberry or strawberry jam
  • Roasted chestnuts with salt and butter
  • boiled whole potatoes
  • Brun sovs (brown sauce) - a traditional dark gravy, used to cover meat dishes like roasted pork and duck (flæskesteg, andesteg) and the boiled potato
  • Brunede kartofler - caramelised potatoes
  • Julebryg - Christmas beer[18]
  • gløgg - mulled red wine combined with spices, sugar, raisins and chopped almonds typically served warm.
  • risalamande - rice pudding. A dish made from rice, whipped cream and almonds, served cold with cherry sauce (kirsebærsauce)[19][20]
  • Flæskesteg - roast pork with cracklings
  • Andesteg - roast duck with apple and prune stuffing
  • Rødkål - red cabbage pickled, sweet-sour red cabbage served hot as a side dish
  • Christmas cookies - Vaniljekranse, klejner, jødekager, pebernødder, honningkager og finskbrød.
  • Konfekt, marzipan, caramelised fruits, nougat and chocolate-covered nuts.

Dominican Republic

Drinks:

  • Anís del Mono - a Spanish anise-flavored liquor that's very popular around Christmas time
  • Eggnog - with rum rather than brandy
  • Jengibre - ginger tea is popular all over the Caribbean on Christmas (except Cuba and Puerto Rico). It is traditionally served hot with cinnamon
  • Red wine

Desserts:

Finland

Christmas smorgasbord from Finland, "Joulupöytä", (translated "Yule table"), a traditional display of Christmas food[21] served at Christmas in Finland, similar to the Swedish smörgåsbord, including:

Other meat dishes could be:

  • Karelian hot pot, traditional meat stew originating from the region of Karelia (Karjalanpaisti)
  • Reindeer (in northern Finland) (poro)
  • Cold smoked salmon (kylmäsavulohi)

Desserts:

  • Rice pudding or rice porridge topped with cinnamon, sugar and cold milk or with mixed fruit soup (riisipuuro)
  • Gingerbread,[21] sometimes in the form of a gingerbread house or gingerbread man (piparkakut)
  • Chocolate (given as presents, eaten in-between meals, called suklaa)
  • Prune jam pastries (Joulutortut)[21]
  • Mixed fruit soup or prune soup (sekahedelmäkiisseli, luumukiisseli)

Drinks:

  • Glogg or mulled wine (glögi)
  • Christmas beer (Jouluolut); Koff and Lapin Kulta have Christmas versions
  • Home beer (non-alcoholic beer-like drink) (kotikalja)
  • Red wine (punaviini)
  • Marski's tipple (akvavit, vermouth and gin) (Marskin ryyppy)
  • Sour milk (often drunk by older people)

France

Foie gras en cocotte
Kouglof

Germany

A Christmas Stollen
  • Christstollen[26] Stollen is a fruitcake with bits of candied fruits, raisins, walnuts and almonds and spices such as cardamom and cinnamon; sprinkled with confectioners sugar. Often there's also a core of marzipan.[27]
  • Pfefferkuchenhaus - a gingerbread house decorated with candies, sweets and sugar icing (in reference to the gingerbread house of the fairy tale Hänsel and Gretel)
  • Printen[28]
  • Oblaten Lebkuchen
  • Springerle
  • Weihnachtsplätzchen (Christmas cookies)
  • Carp
  • Roast goose
  • Venison - e.g. meat of roe deer usually served with red cabbage, brussels sprout and lingonberry sauce
  • Herring salad - salad of pickled or soused herring, beetroot, potatoes, apple
  • Kartoffelsalat (potato salad) with Wurst (sausages) is traditionally eaten in northern Germany for supper on Christmas Eve
  • Schäufele (a corned, smoked ham) usually served with potato salad in southern Germany for dinner on Christmas Eve.
  • Weisswurst - sausages with veal and bacon, usually flavored with parsley, lemon, mace, onions, ginger and cardamom
  • Feuerzangenbowle
  • Glühwein (hot spiced wine)

Guatemala

  • Tamales
  • Ponche (Christmas fruit punch served hot with lots of fruits)
  • pavo (Turkey)
  • Buñuelos (Fluffy sweet dessert made with corn with maple syrup)
  • Chicken (Prepared with different stuffings and accompanied with various side dishes such as salads or rice)

Hong Kong

Hungary

Töltött káposzta

Iceland

Möndlugrautur
  • Hamborgarhryggur, a smoked, cured pork roast.
  • Ptarmigan, gamebird in the grouse family.
  • Hangikjöt
  • Oven-roasted turkey
  • Möndlugrautur - a Christmas rice pudding with an almond hidden inside (the same as the Swedish Julgröt)
  • Caramelised potatoes, Icelandic. Brúnaðar kartöflur (same as in Danish cuisine).
  • Pickled red cabbage
  • Smákökur - small cookies of various sorts
  • Laufabrauð - round, very thin flat cakes with a diameter of about 15 to 20 cm (6 to 8 inches), decorated with leaf-like, geometric patterns and fried briefly in hot fat or oil.

India

Italy

Jamaica

  • Christmas (fruit) cake or black cake - a heavy fruit cake made with dried fruit, wine and rum.
  • sorrel - often served to guests with Christmas cake; Sorrel is made from the same sepals as Latin American drink "Jamaica," but is more concentrated and usually flavored with ginger. Adding rum is traditional at Christmas time.
  • Curry goat
  • Rice and peas - a Sunday staple, at Christmas dinner is usually made with green (fresh) gungo (pigeon) peas instead of dried kidney beans or other dried legumes.
  • Christmas ham
  • Chicken

Japan

  • Christmas cake - Different from a UK Christmas cake or American fruitcake, the Japanese style Christmas cake is often a white cream cake, sponge cake frosted with whipped cream, topped with strawberries and with a chocolate plate that says Merry Christmas,[35] though yule logs are also available.
  • KFC fried chicken - With turkey as a dish being virtually unknown in Japan[36] the popularity of this item at Christmas is such that orders are placed as much as two months in advance.[37]

Lithuania

  • Twelve-dish Christmas Eve supper - twelve dishes representing the twelve Apostles or twelve months of the year - plays the main role in Lithuanian Christmas tradition. The traditional dishes are served on December 24.

Malta

Mexico

Christmas roast
  • pavo - Stuffed, roasted turkey served with gravy.
  • Ensalada de Noche Buena - Christmas Eve salad
  • Russian potato salad - Side dish to turkey, particularly popular in northern states.
  • Bacalao - clipfish or cod, traditionally eaten in the central and southern states of Mexico.
  • Romeritos - also a Christmas tradition of the central region, romeritos are small green leaves of a particular type mixed generally with mole and potatoes; generally accompanied with "tortitas de camarón" (shrimp bread)
  • Tamales - Tamales can sometimes replace the traditional turkey or Bacalao with romeritos, particularly in northern and southern parts of Mexico.
  • Menudo - A Christmas morning tradition in northwestern states, menudo is a tripe and hominy soup, not to be confused with southern 'panzita'. Menudo is often prepared the night before (Christmas Eve) as its cooking time can take up to 5 hours.
  • Ponche - a hot, sweet drink made with apples, sugar cane, prunes and tejocotes. For grown-ups, ponche is never complete without its "piquete" - either tequila or rum
  • Marshmallow fruit salad - marshmallow with fruit cocktail, sugar and sour cream. Sometimes dried coconut, ground cinnamon or nuts are also added.
  • Pineapple upside-down cake - Turned-over cake with cherries and pineapples.
  • Glazed ham - Ham glazed with honey or sugar with cherries and pineapples on top.

New Zealand

A homemade Christmas pavlova decorated with pomegranate seeds and Chantilly cream.

Norway

Scandinavian-style gingerbread
  • Akevitt - Akvavit, a spirit flavored with spices like caraway and aniseed
  • Gløgg - mulled wine
  • Julepølse - Pork sausage made with powdered ginger, cloves, mustard seeds and nutmeg. Served steamed or roasted.
  • Lutefisk - fish preserved with lye that has been washed and boiled
  • Pinnekjøtt - salted, dried, and sometimes smoked lamb's ribs which are rehydrated and then steamed, traditionally over birch branches
  • svineribbe - pork ribs roasted whole with the skin on, rather than spare ribs
  • Julegrøt - Christmas rice porridge with an almond hidden inside
  • Julebrus - is a Norwegian soft drink, usually with a festive label on the bottle. It is brewed by most Norwegian breweries, as a Christmas drink for minors.
  • Sossiser - small Christmas sausages
  • Medisterkaker - large meatballs made from a mix of pork meat and pork fat
  • Rødkål - sweet and sour red cabbage, as a side dish
  • Kålrabistappe - Purée of rutabaga, as a sidedish to pinnekjøtt
  • Pepperkake - gingerbread-like spice cookies flavoured with black pepper
  • Lussekatter - St. Lucia Buns with saffron
  • Multekrem – A dessert consisting of cloudberries and whipped cream

Panama

Paraguay

Philippines

Large bibingka from the Philippines
  • Ham[38]
  • Queso de bola (edam cheese)[38]
  • Puto bumbong - a purple-coloured Filipino dessert made of sweet rice cooked in hollow bamboo tubes placed on a special steamer-cooker. When cooked, they are spread with margarine and sprinkled with sugar and grated coconut.[39]
  • Bibingka - traditional dessert made with rice flour, sugar, clarified butter and coconut milk. baked in layers and topped with butter and sugar.[39]
  • Lechon
  • Salads(either fruit, coconut or garden)
  • Pancit - Filipino style noodle dish made with sliced meat and vegetables
  • Morcon
  • Mechado
  • Caldereta

Poland

12 dishes are served as a reminder of the 12 Apostles on Christmas Eve, 24 December. Polish people don't eat meat on this day, instead they choose from variety of fish and vegetable dishes. The meal begins when the first star is seen. An extra place is left at the table for an unexpected guest, and some hay is put under the table cloth as a reminder of the stable where Jesus was born.

Barszcz with Uszka
  • barszcz (beetroot soup) with uszka (small dumplings) - a classic Polish Christmas starter.
  • Carp with potato salad, carp in aspic etc. Carp provides the main component of the Christmas Eve meal across Poland.
  • Śledzie - pickled herring
  • Rollmops
  • Pierogi with sauerkraut and forest mushrooms; filled with cottage cheese and potatoes
  • Zupa rybna - fish soup
  • Żurek - soup made of soured rye flour and meat
  • Zupa grzybowa - mushroom soup made of various forest mushrooms
  • Bigos - savory stew of cabbage and meat
  • Kompot - traditional drink a light, refreshing drink most often made of dried or fresh fruit boiled in water with sugar and left to cool and infuse.
  • Gołąbki - cabbage rolls
  • Pieczarki marynowane - marinated mushrooms
  • Łosoś - salmon, often baked or boiled in a dill sauce.
  • Kopytka - potato dumplings
  • Kartofle gotowane - simple boiled potatoes sparkled with parsley or dill
  • Kulebiak - with fish or cabbage and wild mushrooms filling
  • Ryba smażona or ryba po grecku - fried fish laid under lyers of fried shreded carrots, onions, root celery and leek
  • Sałatka jarzynowa - salad made with boiled potatoes and carrots with fresh peas, sweetcorn, dill cucumber, and boiled egg, mixed with mayonnaise
  • Galaretka - jellied pig's feet or cold legs.
  • Faworki - angel wings
  • Pączki
  • Kutia - sweet grain pudding with dried fruits and various nuts / in the eastern regions (Białystok)
  • Łamaniec - type of flat and rather hard pancake that is soaked in warm milk with poppy seeds. Eaten in eastern regions such as around Białystok
  • Sernik - cheesecake
  • Makowiec - poppy seed cake roll

Portugal

Bolo-Rei
  • Bacalhau – codfish
  • Cabrito assado - roasted goat
  • Borrego assado - roasted lamb
  • Polvo cozido - boiled octopus
  • Carne de Vinha d' Alhos - Mainly served in Madeira - Pork dish
  • Bolo de mel - Mainly served in Madeira - Cake made with molasses
  • Bolo Rei (king cake) - a beautifully decorated fluffy fruitcake
  • Bolo-Rei escangalhado (broken king cake) - it is like the first one, but has also cinnamon and chilacayote jam (doce de gila)
  • Bolo-Rainha (queen cake) - similar to Bolo-Rei, but with only nuts, raisins and almonds
  • Bolo-Rei de chocolate - it is like the Bolo-Rei, but has less (or no) fruit, nuts, chilacayote jam and lots of chocolate chips
  • Broa castelar - a small, soft and thin cake made of sweet potato and orange
  • Fatias douradas - golden slices, known as french toast - slices of pan bread, soaked in egg with sugar, fried and sprinkled with powdered sugar and cinnamon
  • Rabanadas - they are like fatias douradas, but made with common bread
  • Formigos - a delicious dessert made with sugar, eggs, pieces of bread, almonds, port wine and powdered with cinnamon
  • Filhós / Filhozes / Filhoses - depending on the region, they may be thin or fluffy pieces of a fried dough made of eggs, honey, orange, lemon, flour and anise, sprinkled - or not with icing sugar
  • Coscorões - thin squares of a fried orange flavoured dough
  • Azevias de grão, batata-doce ou gila - deep fried thin dough pastries filled with a delicious cream made of chickpea, sweet potato or chilacayote, powdered with sugar and cinnamon
  • Tarte de amêndoa - almond pie
  • Tronco de Natal - Christmas log - a delicious Swiss roll, resembling a tree's trunk, filled with chocolate cream, decorated with chocolate and mini - 2 cm Christmas trees
  • Lampreia de ovos - a sweet made of eggs, well decorated
  • Sonhos - an orange flavoured fried yeast dough, powdered with icing sugar
  • Velhoses - they are like the sonhos, but made with pumpkin
  • Bolo de Natal - Christmas cake
  • Pudim de Natal - Christmas pudding, similar to flan
  • Vinho quente - eggnog made with boiled wine, egg yolk, sugar and cinnamon
  • Turkey - On the island of Terceira, turkey has recently taken over as the traditional Christmas dish over Bacalhau, due to the influence of American culture on the island, home to the United States Air Force's 65th Air Base Wing.

Puerto Rico

Drinks:

  • Coquito - Puerto Rican spiced coconut eggnog.
  • Piña colada
  • Rum punch - dark or light rum, pineapple rum, orange liqueur, grenadine, ginger ale, grapefruit juice served with lemon and lime slices.
  • La Danza - Champagne with passion fruit juice, orange liqueur, lime juice, lemon juice, and strawberry juice.

Dessert:

  • Arroz con dulce - coconut rice pudding with spices and raisins.
  • Bread pudding - soaked in coconut milk and served with a guava rum sauce.
  • Dulce de cassabanana - musk cucumber cooked in syrup topped with walnuts and sour cream on the side.
  • Dulce de papaya con queso Boricua - spiced papaya candy in heavy syrup served with Puerto Rican white cheese.
  • Flancocho - Crème caramel with a layer of cream cheese and Puerto Rican style spongecake underneath.
  • Majarete - rice and coconut custard, made of coconut milk, milk, rice flour, sugar, and vanilla or sour orange leaves with cinnamon served on top.
  • Rum cake
  • Tembleque - a pudding made with cornstarch and coconut milk.
  • Turrón - Sesame brittle or almond brittle
  • Mantecaditos - Puerto Rican short bread cookies. Made with shortening, coconut butter, flour, almond flour, vanilla, nutmeg and almond extract. They are usually filled with guave jam or pineapple jam in the middle.

Romania

Cozonac
  • Piftie - pork and beef based aspic, with pork meat, vegetables and garlic
  • Cârnaţi - pork-based sausages
  • Tobā - various cuttings of pork, liver boiled, diced and "packed" in pork stomach like a salami
  • Sarmale - rolls of cabbage pickled in brine and filled with meat and rice (see sarma)
  • Cozonac, sort of Romanian equivalent of panettone
  • Strong spirits:
  • * Palinka
  • * Rachiu
  • * Ţuică

Serbia

  • Fish soup for Christmas Eve
  • Koljivo - boiled wheat which is used liturgically in the Eastern Orthodox and Greek-Catholic churches
  • Česnica - Christmas soda bread with a silver coin to bring health and good luck baked in the bread

Spain

Sweden

Julbord Christmas dinner in Sweden

Trinidad and Tobago

In Trinidad and Tobago traditional meals consists of generous helpings of baked ham, pastelles, black fruit cake, sweet breads, along with traditional drinks such as sorrel, ginger beer, and ponche de crème. The ham is the main item on the Christmas menu with sorrel to accompany it.[43]
Christmas ham
Sorrel
Pastelles also known as Hallacas
Ponche de crème a version of eggnog
Black Cake
Sweetbread

United Kingdom and Ireland

Christmas pudding

In the United Kingdom, what is now regarded as the traditional meal consists of roast turkey with cranberry sauce, served with roast potatoes and parsnips and other vegetables, followed by Christmas pudding, a heavy steamed pudding made with dried fruit, suet, and very little flour. Other roast meats may be served, and in the nineteenth century the traditional roast was goose. The same carries over to Ireland with some variations.

United States

Roast turkey

See also: Thanksgiving (the dishes tend to be similar)

Venezuela

Hallaca
  • Hallaca - rectangle-shaped meal made of maize, filled with beef, pork, chicken, olives, raisins and caper, and wrapped in plantain leaves and boiled to cook.
  • Pan de jamón - ham-filled bread with olives and raisins and often sliced cheese.
  • Dulce de lechosa - dessert made of cooked sliced unripe papaya in reduced sugar syrup
  • Ensalada de gallina - salad made of potato, carrot, apple and shredded chicken (hen usually home or locally raised as opposed to store bought chicken)
  • Pernil[48] - Commonly referred to as "Muchacho" - roast pork shoulder

See also

References

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  2. ^ "Vitel toné" (in Spanish). Clarín.com. June 16, 2005. Retrieved 25 December 2012. 
  3. ^ a b c d e f "Juicio a la mesa de Navidad: los platos típicos tienen el doble de calorías y cuestan 70% más" (in Spanish). Clarín.com. December 21, 2012. Retrieved 25 December 2012. 
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  14. ^ "Christmas Damper from Australia". Santas.net. Retrieved 24 December 2011. 
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  25. ^ a b "Christmas traditions in Provence". Provenceweb.fr. Retrieved 24 December 2011. 
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  47. ^ BBC. "Roast Potatoes Recipe". 
  48. ^ "Pernil (Roast Pork)". The Rican Chef. Retrieved 24 December 2011. 

External links

  • Christmas recipes at DMOZ
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