Lord President of the Court of Session

Lord President of the Court of Session Lord Justice General

Incumbent Vacant
Style	The Right Honourable
Appointer	First Minister
Term length	Life tenure

The Lord President of the Court of Session is the most senior judge in Scotland, the head of the judiciary, and the presiding judge of the College of Justice and the Court of Session.^[1] The Lord President is also the Lord Justice General of Scotland and the head of the High Court of Justiciary, the two offices having been combined in 1836.^[2] The Lord President has authority over any court established under Scots law, except for the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom.^[3]

The office of Lord Justice General is derived from the justiciars who were appointed from at least the twelfth century. From around 1567 onwards it was held heritably by the Earl of Argyll until the heritability was resigned to the Crown in 1607.

The office of Lord President is currently vacant, following the retirement of Lord Gill, on 31 May 2015. The appointment of his successor is due to be announced.

In Scotland the Official Oath is taken before the Lord President of the Court of Session. In England that role is performed by the Clerk of the Privy Council.^[4]

Officeholders 1
- Justiciars 1.1
- Lord Justice-General 1.2
- Lord President 1.3
See also 2
References 3

Officeholders

Scots law
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Justiciars

(called Lord Chief Justices by Scot of Scotstarvet).

Argadus, Captain of Argyll, in the reign of Ethodius
Comes Dunetus; in the reign of King William the Lion. (Donnchad II, Earl of Fife)
William Comyn
Richard Comyn
David, Earl of Huntingdon (d. 1219)
Walter Clifford, Justiciary of the Lothians
1216: Allan, Justiciary to King Alexander II
1224: William Cumin, Earl of Buchan (reign of Alexander III)
Walter (d. 1241), son of Allan High Steward of Scotland
1239: William, Earl of Ross, "Lord Chief Justice of Scotland"
1243: David de Lindsay, Justiciary of the Lothians
Alexander (d.1283), High Steward of Scotland to King Alexander II
Hugo de Barclay, Justiciary of the Lothians
1253: Alexander Cumin, Earl of Buchan
bef 1319: Sir Robert de Lawedre of The Bass (d. Sept 1337), Justiciary of the Lothians
1328: Sir Robert Lauder of Quarrelwood (d. between 1367–70), Justiciary North of the Forth
1366: Robert de Erskine, Justiciary South of the Forth for King David II
bef 1372: Alan de Lawedre of The Bass, Whitslaid, & Haltoun, Justiciary South of the Forth, (he received a pension for holding this post in 1374).
1372: Sir William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas (d. May 1384), Justiciary South of the Forth.
1425: Sir Robert de Lawedre of Edrington & The Bass (d.1451), "Justiciario Scotia"
1437: James Douglas, Earl of Avondale and Lord Balveny^[5]
1446: Patrick de Ogilvy, Justiciary South of the Forth
1457: John, Lord Lindsay of the Byres, Justiciary South of the Forth
William Sinclair, 3rd Earl of Orkney & Caithness (d.1480), Justiciary North of the Forth for King James II
1477: John Haldane of Gleneagles, Justiciary North of the Forth
Patrick Hepburn, 1st Lord Hailes (d. after 1482), and Robert, 2nd Lord Lyle, Justiciaries South of the Forth
Andrew, Earl of Crawfurd, and George Gordon, 2nd Earl of Huntly, Justiciaries North of the Forth
1488: Robert, 2nd Lord Lyle d.c1497), "Lord Chief Justice"
1489: John Lyon, 3rd Lord Glamis (d. 1 April 1497), and John Drummond, 1st Lord Drummond: "Justice-General"
1492: Robert, 2nd Lord Lyle, and John Lyon, 3rd Lord Glamis
1494: John Drummond, 1st Lord Drummond (d. c1519)
1504: Andrew Gray, 2nd Lord Gray, and John Kennedy, 2nd Lord Kennedy
1514: Colin Campbell, 3rd Earl of Argyll
1526: Archibald Douglas of Kilspindie
1532: Alexander Mylne, Abbot of Cambuskenneth
1537: Archibald Campbell, 4th Earl of Argyll
1567: Sir Colin Campbell, 6th Earl of Argyll, (d.1584) (heritably)
1578: Sir Colin Campbell, 6th Earl of Argyll, (re-appointment?)
1589: Archibald Campbell, 7th Earl of Argyll, (who exchanged the heritable office of Lord Chief Justice in 1607, for the heritable Lieutenancy of Argyll and Lorn, and most of The Isles).

Lord Justice-General

	From	Until
William Graham, 7th Earl of Menteith, 1st Earl of Airth	11 July 1628	8 November 1633
Sir William Elphinstone	23 December 1635	13 November 1641
Sir Thomas Hope, younger of Kerse	18 November 1641	23 August 1643
William Cunningham, 8th Earl of Glencairn	13 November 1646	15 February 1649
John Kennedy, 6th Earl of Cassilis	15 March 1649	9 August 1651
John Murray, 2nd Earl of Atholl	16 August 1661	21 May 1675
Alexander Stuart, 5th Earl of Moray	21 May 1675	5 May 1676
Archibald Primrose, Lord Carrington	5 May 1676	30 September 1678
George Mackenzie, Lord Tarbat	30 September 1678	1 June 1680
William Douglas, 3rd Earl of Queensberry	1 June 1680	1 March 1682
James Drummond, 4th Earl of Perth	1 March 1682	13 June 1684
George Livingston, 3rd Earl of Linlithgow	13 June 1684	3 August 1689
Robert Ker, 4th Earl of Lothian	3 August 1689	15 February 1703
George Mackenzie, 1st Earl of Cromartie	17 October 1704	23 October 1710
Archibald Campbell, 1st Earl of Ilay, 3rd Duke of Argyll	23 October 1710	15 April 1761
John Hay, 4th Marquess of Tweeddale	27 June 1761	9 December 1762
Charles Douglas, 3rd Duke of Queensberry	15 April 1763	22 October 1778
David Murray, 2nd Earl of Mansfield	23 October 1778	1794
James Graham, 3rd Duke of Montrose	14 January 1795	30 December 1836

Lord President

	From	Until	Remarks
Alexander Mylne, Abbot of Cambuskenneth	1532	1543	Abbot of Cambuskenneth (1519-1548)
Robert Reid, Bishop of Orkney	1543	1558	Abbot of Kinloss (1528-1553); Commendator of Beauly (1531-1553); Bishop of Orkney (1541-1558)
Henry Sinclair, Bishop of Ross	1558	1565	Commendator of Kilwinning (1541-1550); Dean of Glasgow (1550-1561); Bishop of Ross (1558-1565)
John Sinclair, Bishop of Brechin	1565	1566	Appointed a Lord of Session, 1540; Bishop of Brechin (1565-1566)
William Baillie, Lord Provand	1566	1567
James Balfour, Lord Pittendreich	1567	1593	Appointed a Lord of Session, 1561
Alexander Seton, Lord Fyvie	1593	1604	Appointed a Lord of Session, 1586; Provost of Edinburgh (1598-1608); Lord Chancellor of Scotland (1604-1622); Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland (1612-1621)
James Elphinstone, 1st Lord Balmerino	1605	1609	Appointed a Lord of Session, 1587; Secretary of State (1598-1609)
John Preston, Lord Fentonbarns	1609	1616	Appointed a Lord of Session, 1595
Thomas Hamilton, 1st Earl of Melrose	1616	1625	Appointed a Lord of Session, 1592; Lord Advocate (1595-1596 and 1596-1612); Lord Clerk Register (1612)
Sir James Skene of Curriehill	1626	1633	Lord Clerk Register (1594-1612); Appointed a Lord of Session, 1594
Robert Spottiswood, Lord Newabbey	1633	1646	Appointed a Lord of Session, 1622
Sir John Gilmour of Craigmillar	1661	1671	Commissioner for Edinburghshire (1661-1671)
James Dalrymple, 1st Viscount Stair	1671	1681	Appointed a Lord of Session, 1661; Commissioner for Wigtownshire (1672-1674, 1678 and 1681-1682)
George Gordon, 1st Earl of Aberdeen	1681	1682	Commissioner for Aberdeenshire (1669-1674, 1678 and 1681-1682); Appointed a Lord of Session, 1680; Lord Chancellor of Scotland (1682-1684)
Sir David Falconer of Newton	1682	1685	Appointed a Lord of Session, 1676; Commissioner for Forfarshire (1685)
Sir George Lockhart of Carnwath	1685	31 March 1689	Appointed Dean of the Faculty of Advocates, 1672; Commissioner for Lanarkshire (1681-1682 and 1685-1686)
James Dalrymple, 1st Viscount Stair	28 October 1689	25 November 1695	Appointed a Lord of Session, 1661; Commissioner for Wigtownshire (1672-1674, 1678 and 1681-1682)
Hew Dalrymple, Lord North Berwick	17 March 1698	20 June 1737	Commissioner for New Galloway (1690-1702); Dean of the Faculty of Advocates (1695-1698); Commissioner for North Berwick (1702-1707)
Duncan Forbes, Lord Culloden	20 June 1737	4 June 1748	MP for Ayr Burghs (1721-1722); MP for Inverness Burghs (1722-1737); Lord Advocate (1725-1737)
Robert Dundas, Lord Arniston the Elder	4 June 1748	26 August 1753	Solicitor General for Scotland (1717-1720); Lord Advocate (1720-1725); MP for Midlothian (1722-1737); Senator of the College of Justice (1737-1753)
Robert Craigie of Glendoick	22 January 1754	10 March 1760	MP for Tain Burghs (1742-1747); Lord Advocate (1742-1746)
Robert Dundas, Lord Arniston the Younger	30 April 1760	13 December 1787	Solicitor General for Scotland (1742-1746); Dean of the Faculty of Advocates (1746-1760) Lord Advocate (1754-1760); MP for Midlothian (1754-1760)
Thomas Miller, Lord Glenlee	22 December 1787	27 September 1789	MP for Dumfries Burghs (1761-1766); Solicitor General for Scotland (1759-1760); Lord Advocate (1760-1766); Lord Justice Clerk (1766-1787)
Ilay Campbell, Lord Succoth	26 October 1789	31 August 1808	Solicitor General for Scotland (1783-1784); MP for Clyde Burghs (1784-1790); Lord Advocate (1784-1789)
Robert Blair, Lord Avontoun	31 August 1808	20 May 1811	Solicitor General for Scotland (1789-1806); Dean of the Faculty of Advocates (1801-1808)
Charles Hope, Lord Granton	10 October 1811	20 July 1841	Lord Advocate (1801-1804); MP for Dumfries Burghs (1802); MP for Edinburgh (1803-1805); Lord Justice Clerk (1804-1811)
David Boyle, Lord Boyle	7 October 1841	5 May 1852	MP for Ayrshire (1807-1811); Solicitor General for Scotland (1807-1811); Lord Justice Clerk (1811-1841)
Duncan McNeill, Lord Colonsay	14 May 1852	25 February 1867	MP for Argyllshire (1843-1851); Solicitor General for Scotland (1834-1835 & 1841-1842); Lord Advocate (1842-1846)
John Inglis, Lord Glencorse	25 February 1867	20 August 1891	MP for Stamford (1858); Solicitor General for Scotland (1852); Lord Advocate (1852 & 1858); Lord Justice Clerk (1858-1867)
James Robertson, Lord Robertson	21 September 1891	21 November 1899	MP for Buteshire (1885-1891); Solicitor General for Scotland (1885-1886 & 1886-1888); Lord Advocate (1888-1891); Lord of Appeal in Ordinary (1899-1909)
John Balfour, 1st Baron Kinross	21 November 1899	22 January 1905	MP for Clackmannan and Kinross (1880-1899); Solicitor General for Scotland (1880-1881); Lord Advocate (1881-1885, 1886 & 1892-1895)
Andrew Murray, 1st Baron Dunedin	4 February 1905	14 October 1913	MP for Buteshire (1891-1905); Solicitor General for Scotland (1905-1909); Lord Advocate (1909-1913); Secretary for Scotland (1903-1905); Lord of Appeal in Ordinary (1913-1932)
Alexander Ure, 1st Baron Strathclyde	14 October 1913	1 April 1920	MP for Linlithgowshire (1895-1913); Solicitor General for Scotland (1891-1892 & 1895-1896); Lord Advocate (1896-1903)
James Avon Clyde, Lord Clyde	1 April 1920	1 April 1935	Solicitor General for Scotland (1905); MP for Edinburgh West (1909-1918) and Edinburgh North (1918-1920); Lord Advocate (1916-1920)
Wilfred Normand, Lord Normand	1 April 1935	6 January 1947	MP for Edinburgh West (1931-1935); Solicitor General for Scotland (1929 & 1931-1933); Lord Advocate (1933-1935); Lord of Appeal in Ordinary (1947-1953)
Thomas Cooper, Lord Cooper	6 January 1947	23 December 1954	MP for Edinburgh West (1935-1941); Solicitor General for Scotland (1935); Lord Advocate (1935-1941); Senator of the College of Justice (1941-1954); Lord Justice Clerk (1947-1954)
James Latham Clyde, Lord Clyde	23 December 1954	25 April 1972	MP for Edinburgh North (1950-1954); Lord Advocate (1951-1954); Senator of the College of Justice (1954-1972)
George Emslie, Baron Emslie	25 April 1972	27 September 1989	Dean of the Faculty of Advocates (1965-1970); Senator of the College of Justice (1970-1989)
David Hope, Baron Hope of Craighead	27 September 1989	1 October 1996	Dean of the Faculty of Advocates (1986-1989); Senator of the College of Justice (1989-1996); Lord of Appeal in Ordinary (1996-2009); Second Senior Law Lord (2009); Deputy President of the Supreme Court (2009-2013)
Alan Rodger, Baron Rodger of Earlsferry	1 October 1996	13 November 2001	Solicitor General for Scotland (1989-1992); Lord Advocate (1992-1995); Senator of the College of Justice (1995-2001); Lord of Appeal in Ordinary (2001-2009); Justice of the Supreme Court (2009-2011)
William Cullen, Baron Cullen of Whitekirk	13 November 2001	2 December 2005	Chairman of the Medical Appeals Tribunals (1977-1986); Senator of the College of Justice (1986-2005); Lord Justice Clerk (1997-2001)
Arthur Hamilton, Lord Hamilton	2 December 2005	8 June 2012	Chairman of the Medical Appeals Tribunals (1988-1992); President of the Pensions Appeal Tribunal in Scotland (1992-1995); Senator of the College of Justice (1995-2012)
Brian Gill, Lord Gill	8 June 2012	31 May 2015	Senator of the College of Justice (1994-2015); Lord Justice Clerk (2001-2012)

References

^ "Section 2, Paragraph 1, Judiciary and Courts (Scotland) Act 2008", Acts of the Scottish Parliament 2008 (6): 2(1), retrieved 2009-08-29, The Lord President is the Head of the Scottish Judiciary.
^ "Section 18, Court of Session Act 1830", Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom 69, 1830-07-23: 18, Office of lord justice general to devolve on lord president.
^ "Section 2, Paragraph 5, Judiciary and Courts (Scotland) Act 2008", Acts of the Scottish Parliament 2008 (6): 2(5), retrieved 2009-08-29, References in this section to the Scottish judiciary are references to the judiciary of any court established under the law of Scotland (other than the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom).
^ "Schedule, Promissory Oaths Act 1868", Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom 72, 1868: Schedule, retrieved 2009-09-01, The oath as to England is to be tendered by the Clerk of the Council, and taken in presence of Her Majesty in Council, or otherwise as Her Majesty shall direct. The oath as to Scotland is to be tendered by the Lord President of the Court of Session at a sitting of the Court.
^ https://archive.org/stream/scotspeeragefoun03pauluoft#page/172/mode/2up

Scottish Court of Session

Chief justice	Lord President of the Court of Session

Other judges	Lord Justice Clerk Senators of the College of Justice Lord Ordinary

Divisions	Inner House Outer House

Administration	Scottish Courts and Tribunals Service Office of the Accountant of Court Principal Clerk of Session and Justiciary

Other Officers	Advocates Solicitor-advocates Writers to the Signet Society of Solicitors in the Supreme Courts of Scotland Messengers-at-Arms

Buildings	Parliament House, Edinburgh

High Court of Justiciary

Chief justice	Lord Justice General

Other judges	Lord Justice Clerk Lords Commissioner of Justiciary

Administration	Scottish Courts and Tribunals Service Principal Clerk of Session and Justiciary

Other Officers	Advocates Solicitor-advocates Writers to the Signet Society of Solicitors in the Supreme Courts of Scotland

Buildings	Parliament House, Edinburgh

Great Officers of State of England and Scotland

England	Lord High Steward Lord High Chancellor (of Great Britain) Lord High Treasurer Lord President of the Council Lord Privy Seal Lord Great Chamberlain Lord High Constable Earl Marshal Lord High Admiral

Scotland	Lord Chancellor Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland Chamberlain of Scotland Lord High Treasurer of Scotland Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland Lord Clerk Register Lord Advocate Lord Justice Clerk Lord Justice General Lord Lyon King of Arms

Italics indicate officers that are in commission, purely ceremonial or defunct

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Chief Justices of the Territories of the British Empire and the United Kingdom

Legend: Current territory; Former territory; * Now a Commonwealth realm; Now a member of the Commonwealth of Nations

Europe

Since 1234 England and Wales Since c.1200 Scotland 1175-1921 Ireland 1708–1757 Minorca Since 1713 Gibraltar 1763–1782 Minorca 1798–1802 Minorca 1800–1813 Malta (Protectorate) 1813–1964 Malta (Colony) 1807–1890 Heligoland 1809–1864 Ionian Islands 1878–1960 Cyprus 1921–1937 Irish Free State Since 1922 Northern Ireland

North America

17th century and before		18th century	19th and 20th century

1579 New Albion 1583–1907 Newfoundland 1605–1979 *Saint Lucia 1607–1776 Virginia Since 1619 Bermuda 1620–1691 Plymouth Colony 1623–1883 Saint Kitts *(Saint Kitts & Nevis) 1624–1966 *Barbados 1625–1650 Saint Croix 1627–1979 *Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1628–1883 Nevis *(Saint Kitts & Nevis) 1629–1691 Massachusetts Bay Colony 1632–1776 Maryland since 1632 Montserrat 1632–1860 Antigua *(Antigua & Barbuda) 1636–1776 Connecticut 1636–1776 Rhode Island 1637–1662 New Haven Colony	1643–1860 Bay Islands Since 1650 Anguilla 1655–1850 Mosquito Coast (protectorate) 1655–1962 *Jamaica 1663–1712 Carolina 1664–1776 New York 1665–1674 and 1702–1776 New Jersey Since 1666 British Virgin Islands Since 1670 Cayman Islands 1670–1973 *Bahamas 1670–1870 Rupert's Land 1671–1816 Leeward Islands 1674–1702 East Jersey 1674–1702 West Jersey 1680–1776 New Hampshire 1681–1776 Pennsylvania 1686–1689 Dominion of New England 1691–1776 Massachusetts	1701–1776 Delaware 1712–1776 North Carolina 1712–1776 South Carolina 1713–1867 Nova Scotia 1733–1776 Georgia 1754–1820 Cape Breton Island 1762–1974 *Grenada 1763–1978 Dominica 1763–1873 Prince Edward Island 1763–1791 Quebec 1763–1783 East Florida 1763–1783 West Florida 1784–1867 New Brunswick 1791–1841 Lower Canada 1791–1841 Upper Canada Since 1799 Turks and Caicos Islands	1818–1846 Columbia District/Oregon Country¹ 1833–1960 Windward Islands 1833–1960 Leeward Islands 1841–1867 Province of Canada 1849–1866 Vancouver Island 1853–1863 Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands 1858–1866 British Columbia 1859–1870 North-Western Territory 1860–1981 *British Antigua and Barbuda 1862–1863 Stikine Territory 1866–1871 Vancouver Island and British Columbia 1867–1931 *Dominion of Canada² 1871–1964 British Honduras (*Belize) 1882–1983 *Saint Kitts and Nevis 1889–1962 Trinidad and Tobago 1907–1949 Dominion of Newfoundland³ 1958–1962 West Indies Federation

1. Occupied jointly with the United States.
2. In 1931, Canada and other British dominions obtained self-government through the Statute of Westminster. See Canada's name.
3. Gave up self-rule in 1934, but remained a de jure Dominion until it joined Canada in 1949.

South America

1651–1667 Willoughbyland (Suriname) 1670–1688 Saint Andrew and Providence Islands⁴ 1831–1966 British Guiana (Guyana) Since 1833 Falkland Islands⁵ Since 1908 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands⁵

4. Now the San Andrés y Providencia Department of Colombia. 5. Occupied by Argentina during the Falklands War of April–June 1982.

Africa

17th and 18th centuries	19th century		20th century

Since 1658 Saint Helena¹⁴ 1792–1961 Sierra Leone 1795–1803 Cape Colony	Since 1815 Ascension Island¹⁴ Since 1816 Tristan da Cunha¹⁴ 1806–1910 Cape Colony 1807–1808 Madeira 1810–1968 Mauritius 1816–1965 The Gambia 1856–1910 Natal 1868–1966 Basutoland (Lesotho) 1874–1957 Gold Coast (Ghana) 1882–1922 Egypt	1884–1966 Bechuanaland (Botswana) 1884–1960 British Somaliland 1887–1897 Zululand 1890–1962 Uganda 1890–1963 Zanzibar (Tanzania) 1891–1964 Nyasaland (Malawi) 1891–1907 British Central Africa Protectorate 1893–1968 Swaziland 1895–1920 East Africa Protectorate 1899–1956 Anglo-Egyptian Sudan	1900–1914 Northern Nigeria 1900–1914 Southern Nigeria 1900–1910 Orange River Colony 1900–1910 Transvaal Colony 1906–1954 Nigeria Colony 1910–1931 South Africa 1914–1954 Nigeria Colony and Protectorate 1915–1931 South West Africa (Namibia) 1919–1960 Cameroons (Cameroon)⁶ 1920–1963 Kenya 1922–1961 Tanganyika (Tanzania)⁶ 1923–1965 Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)⁷ 1924–1964 Northern Rhodesia (Zambia) 1954–1960 Nigeria 1979–1980 Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)⁷

6. League of Nations mandate.
7. Self-governing Southern Rhodesia unilaterally declared independence in 1965 (as Rhodesia) and continued as an unrecognised state until the 1979 Lancaster House Agreement. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.

Asia

17th and 18th century	19th century		20th century

1685–1824 Bencoolen (Sumatra) 1702–1705 Pulo Condore 1757-1862 Bengal (to 1862) 1862–1947 Bengal (from 1862) (West Bengal (India) and Bangladesh) 1762–1764 Manila and Cavite 1786–1946 Penang (Malaysia) 1795–1948 Ceylon (Sri Lanka) 1796–1965 Maldives	1812–1824 Banka (Sumatra) and Billiton (Sumatra) 1819–1826 British Malaya (West Malaysia and Singapore) 1826–1946 Straits Settlements (Malaysia and Singapore) 1839–1967 Colony of Aden 1839–1842 Afghanistan 1841–1997 Hong Kong 1841–1946 Kingdom of Sarawak (Malaysia) 1848–1946 Labuan (Malaysia) 1858–1947 British India (India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, Burma) • Bombay • Calcutta • Madras • North-Western Provinces/Allahabad) 1874–1963 British Borneo (East Malaysia and Brunei)	1879–1919 Afghanistan (protectorate) 1882–1963 British North Borneo (Malaysia) 1885–1946 Unfederated Malay States 1888–1984 Sultanate of Brunei 1891–1971 Muscat and Oman protectorate 1892–1971 Trucial States 1895–1946 Federated Malay States 1898–1930 Weihai Garrison	1907–1949 Bhutan (protectorate) 1918–1961 Kuwait protectorate 1920–1932 Iraq⁸ 1921–1946 Transjordan⁸ 1923–1948 Palestine⁸ 1945–1946 South Vietnam 1946–1963 North Borneo (Malaysia) 1946–1963 Sarawak (Malaysia) 1946–1963 Singapore 1946–1948 Malayan Union 1948–1957 Federation of Malaya (Malaysia) Since 1960 Akrotiri and Dhekelia (before as part of Cyprus) Since 1965 British Indian Ocean Territory (before as part of Mauritius and the Seychelles)

⁸ League of Nations mandate. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty

Oceania

18th and 19th centuries		20th century

1788–1901 New South Wales 1803–1901 Tasmania 1807–1863 Auckland Islands⁹ 1824–1980 New Hebrides (Vanuatu) 1824–1901 Queensland 1829–1901 Western Australia 1836–1901 South Australia since 1838 Pitcairn Islands	1841–1907 Colony of New Zealand 1851–1901 Victoria 1874–1970 Fiji¹⁰ 1877–1976 British Western Pacific Territories 1884–1949 Territory of Papua 1888–1901 Cook Islands⁹ 1889–1948 Union Islands (Tokelau)⁹ 1892–1979 Gilbert and Ellice Islands¹¹ 1893–1978 British Solomon Islands¹²	1900–1970 Tonga (protected state) 1900–1974 Niue⁹ 1901–1942 Commonwealth of AustraliaNorthern Territory 1907–1953 *Dominion of New Zealand 1919–1942 Nauru 1945–1968 Nauru 1919–1949 Territory of New Guinea 1949–1975 Territory of Papua and New Guinea¹³

9. Now part of the *Realm of New Zealand.
10. Suspended member.
11. Now Kiribati and *Tuvalu.
12. Now the *Solomon Islands.
13. Now *Papua New Guinea.

Antarctica and South Atlantic

Since 1658 Saint Helena¹⁴ Since 1815 Ascension Island¹⁴ Since 1816 Tristan da Cunha¹⁴ Since 1908 British Antarctic Territory¹⁵ 1841–1933 Australian Antarctic Territory (transferred to the Commonwealth of Australia) 1841–1947 Ross Dependency (transferred to the Realm of New Zealand)

14. Since 2009 part of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha; Ascension Island (1922–) and Tristan da Cunha (1938–) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena. 15. Both claimed in 1908; territories formed in 1962 (British Antarctic Territory) and 1985 (South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands).

Lord President of the Court of Session