Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī

Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Fazari (died 796 or 806) was a Muslim philosopher, mathematician and astronomer.^[1]^[2] He is not to be confused with his father Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī, also an astronomer and mathematician.

Some sources refer to him as an Arab,^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6] other sources state that he was a Persian.^[7]^[8]^[9]

Al-Fazārī translated many scientific books into Arabic and Persian.^[10] He is credited to have built the first astrolabe in the Islamic world.^[8]

Along with Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq and his father he helped translate the Indian astronomical text by Brahmagupta (fl. 7th century), the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta, into Arabic as Az-Zīj ‛alā Sinī al-‛Arab.,^[11] or the Sindhind. This translation was possibly the vehicle by means of which the Hindu numerals were transmitted from India to Islam.^[12]

Notes

^ * H. Suter: Die Mathematiker und Astronomen der Araber (p. 4, 1900).
^ * Introduction to the History of Science by George Sarton – Page 524
^ Scott L. Montgomery. Science in Translation: movements of knowledge through cultures and time. p. 81.
^ Abramovich, Boris et al. History of Civilizations of Central Asia. pp. 177–178.
^ Pingree, David (1970). The Fragments of the Works of Al-Fazari. Journal of Near Eastern Studies. Vol. 29, No. 2. pp. 103–123.
^ Yaqut al-Hamawi. Irshad al-Arib Fi Ma'rifat al-Adib. Ed. D. S. Margoliouth. "E. J. W. Ser.," 6. Vol. 6. 2d ed. London, 1931.
^ * The Root of Europe: studies in the diffusion of Greek culture by Ralph Westwood Moore, Michael Huxley – 1952 – Page 48
^ ^a ^b * Richard N. Frye, The Golden Age of Persia, p. 163.
^ * From Freedom to Freedom: African roots in American soils : selected readings – by Ervin Lewis, Mildred Bain
^ * Glimpses of Islamic History and Culture by M. D. Zafar – 1987 – Page 331
^ E. S. Kennedy, A Survey of Islamic Astronomical Tables, (Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series, 46, 2), Philadelphia, 1956, pp. 2, 7, 12 (zijes no. 2, 28, 71).
^ * D. E. Smith and L. C. Karpinski: The Hindu-Arabic Numerals (Boston, 1911), p.92.).

External links

Plofker, Kim (2007). "Fazārī: Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al‐Fazārī". In Thomas Hockey; et al. The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. New York: Springer. pp. 362–3. (PDF version)
Cantor: Geschichte der Mathematik (I, 3rd ed., 698, 1907).

Astronomy in medieval Islam

Topics

Works

Arabic star names Islamic calendar ʿAjā'ib al-makhlūqāt wa gharā'ib al-mawjūdāt Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity Tabula Rogeriana The Book of Healing

Zij	Alfonsine tables Huihui Lifa Book of Fixed Stars Toledan Tables Zij-i Ilkhani Zij-i Sultani Sullam al-sama'

Instruments

Concepts

Institutions

Influences

Influenced

Astronomers

by century (CE AD)

8th	Ahmad Nahavandi Al-Fadl ibn Naubakht Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī Mashallah ibn Athari Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq

9th	Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi Abu Said Gorgani Al-Farghānī Al-Kindi Al-Mahani Al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf ibn Maṭar Al-Marwazi Ali ibn Isa al-Asturlabi Banu Musa Iranshahri Khālid ibn ʿAbd al‐Malik Al-Khwārizmī Sahl ibn Bishr Thābit ibn Qurra

10th	Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi Ibn Al-Adami Abu-Mahmud Khojandi Abū Ja'far al-Khāzin Abū Sahl al-Qūhī Abū al-Wafā' Būzjānī Ahmad ibn Yusuf al-Battani Alchabitius Al-Nayrizi Al-Saghani Ibn Yunus Ibrahim ibn Sinan Ma Yize

11th	Abu Nasr Mansur Al-Bīrūnī Al-Zarqālī Alhazen Avicenna Ibn al-Saffar Kushyar ibn Labban Said Al-Andalusi Sijzi

12th	Al-Bitruji Al-Kharaqī Al-Khazini Al-Samawal al-Maghribi Abu al-Salt Anvari Ibn al-Kammad Jabir ibn Aflah Omar Khayyám Sharaf al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī

13th	Ibn al-Banna' al-Marrakushi Ibn al‐Ha'im al‐Ishbili Jamal ad-Din Muhyi al-Dīn al-Maghribī Nasir al-Din al-Tusi Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī Zakariya al-Qazwini Ibn Abi al-Shukr Mu'ayyad al-Din al-'Urdi Athīr al-Dīn al-Abharī Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr al‐Farisi

14th	Ibn al-Shatir Shams al-Dīn Abū Abd Allāh al-Khalīlī Abū al‐ʿUqūl Nizam al-Din Nishapuri

15th	Ali Kuşçu ʿAbd al‐Wājid Jamshīd al-Kāshī Kadızade Rumi Ulugh Beg Sibt al-Maridini Ibn al-Majdi 'Abd al-'Aziz al-Wafa'i

16th	Al-Birjandi Bahāʾ al-dīn al-ʿĀmilī Piri Reis Takiyüddin

17th	Yang Guangxian

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Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī