This article will be permanently flagged as inappropriate and made unaccessible to everyone. Are you certain this article is inappropriate? Excessive Violence Sexual Content Political / Social
Email Address:
Article Id: WHEBN0006116724 Reproduction Date:
Damascus: 1104 – Baqtash was dethroned by Toghtekin
Great Seljuq: 1194 – Toghrul III was killed in battle with the Tekish
in Anatolia Artuqid dynasty Saltuqid dynasty in Azerbaijan Ahmadili dynasty Ildenizid dynasty in Egypt Tulunid dynasty Ikhshidid dynasty in Fars Salghurid dynasty in The Levant Burid dynasty Zengid dynasty in Yemen Rasulid dynasty in China Later Tang
The Seljuq dynasty (Persian: سلجوقيان Saljūqiyān; Turkish: Selçuklular; ) was a Turkish[4][5][6] Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually adopted Persian culture and contributed to the Turko-Persian tradition[7][8] in the medieval West and Central Asia. The Seljuqs established both the Seljuq Empire and Sultanate of Rum, which at their total height stretched from Anatolia through Persia, and were targets of the First Crusade.
The Seljuqs originated from the Qynyk branch of the Oghuz Turks,[9][10][11][12] who in the 9th century lived on the periphery of the Muslim world, north of the Caspian and Aral seas in their Yabghu Khaganate of the Oghuz confederacy,[13] in the Kazakh Steppe of Turkestan.[14] During the 10th century, due to various events, the Oghuz had come into close contact with Muslim cities.[15]
When Seljuq, the leader of the Seljuq clan, had a falling out with Yabghu, the supreme chieftain of the Oghuz, he split his clan off from the bulk of the Tokuz-Oghuz and set up camp on the west bank of the lower Syr Darya. Around 985, Seljuq converted to Islam.[15] In the 11th century the Seljuqs migrated from their ancestral homelands into mainland Persia, in the province of Khurasan, where they encountered the Ghaznavid empire. In 1025, 40,000 families of Oghuz Turks migrated to area of Caucasian Albania.[16] The Seljuqs defeated the Ghaznavids at the battle of Nasa plains in 1035. Tughril, Chaghri, and Yabghu received the insignias of governor, grants of land, and were given the title of dehqan.[17] At the battle of Dandanaqan they defeated a Ghaznavid army, and after a successful siege of Isfahan by Tughril in 1050/51,[18] they established an empire later called the Great Seljuk Empire. The Seljuqs mixed with the local population and adopted the Persian culture and language in the following decades.[19][20][21][22][23]
After arriving in Persia, the Seljuqs adopted the Persian culture and used the Persian language as the official language of the government,[19][20][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and played an important role in the development of the Turko-Persian tradition which features "Persian culture patronized by Turkic rulers."[31] Today, they are remembered as great patrons of Persian culture, art, literature, and language[19][20][21] and are regarded as the partial ancestors of the Western Turks – the present-day inhabitants of Azerbaijan (incl. Iranian Azerbaijan), Turkey, and Turkmenistan.
The "Great Seljuqs" were heads of the family; in theory their authority extended over all the other Seljuq lines, although in practice this often was not the case. Turkish custom called for the senior member of the family to be the Great Seljuq, although usually the position was associated with the ruler of western Persia.
AD 8th century
The rulers of western Persia, who maintained a very loose grip on the Abbasids of Baghdad. Several Turkic emirs gained a strong level of influence in the region, such as the Eldiduzids.
In 1194, Tugrul III was killed in battle with the Khwarezm Shah, who annexed Hamadan.
Kerman was a province in southern Persia. Between 1053 and 1154, the territory also included Umman.
Muhammad abandoned Kerman, which fell into the hands of the Oghuz chief Malik Dinar. Kerman was eventually annexed by the Khwarezmid Empire in 1196.
To the Artuqids
Sultans/Emirs of Damascus:
Damascus seized by the Burid Toghtekin
The Seljuq line, already having been deprived of any significant power, effectively ended in the early 14th century.
Toghrol Tower, a 12th-century monument south of Tehran commemorating Toğrül.
Seljuq-era art: Ewer from Herat, Afghanistan, dated 1180–1210. Brass worked in repousse and inlaid with silver and bitumen. British Museum.
Head of Seljuq male royal figure, 12–13th century, from Iran. Carved and drilled stone with Iranian craftsmanship. Kept at the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Shatranj chess set, glazed fritware, 12th-century Iran. New York Metropolitan Museum of Art.
The Kharāghān twin towers, built in Iran in 1053 to house the remains of Seljuq princes
1 Transcontinental country. 2 Entirely in Southwest Asia but having socio-political connections with Europe.
After partitions:
Ottoman Empire, Konya, Kayseri, Sivas, Turkey
Azerbaijan, Armenia, Russia, United Kingdom, Syria
House of Habsburg, House of Vasa, House of Bonaparte, House of Oldenburg, House of Romanov
Dynasty, Napoleon III, Napoleon, Jérôme Bonaparte, Napoleonic Wars
Seljuq dynasty, Malik-Shah I, Asia, Tutush I, Chaghri Beg
Turkey, Iran, Konya, Alanya, Middle East
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Syunik Province, Seljuq dynasty, Turkey
Damascus, Syria, Ayyubid dynasty, Ottoman empire, Saladin
Iran, Unesco, Iwan, Seljuq dynasty, %s%s