Soyuz-TM

Soyuz-TM

Soyuz-TM spacecraft. Compare the antennae on the orbital module to those on Soyuz-T. Differences reflect the change from the Igla rendezvous system used on Soyuz-T to the Kurs rendezvous system used on Soyuz-TM.
Manufacturer	Korolev
Country of origin	USSR Russia
Operator	Soviet space program/Russian Federal Space Agency
Applications	Carry three cosmonauts to Mir and ISS and back
Specifications
Design life	Up to six months docked to station
Regime	Low Earth orbit
Production
Status	Out of service
Launched	34
First launch	Soyuz TM-1, 1986
Last launch	Soyuz TM-34, 2002
Related spacecraft
Derived from	Soyuz-T
Derivatives	Soyuz-TMA

The Soyuz-TM crew transports (T - транспортный - Transportnyi - meaning transport, M - модифицированный - Modifitsirovannyi - meaning modified) were fourth generation (1986–2002) Soyuz spacecraft used for ferry flights to the Mir and ISS space stations. It added to the Soyuz-T new docking and rendezvous, radio communications, emergency and integrated parachute/landing engine systems. The new Kurs rendezvous and docking system and the new KTDU-80 propulsion module permitted the Soyuz-TM to maneuver independently of the station, without the station making "mirror image" maneuvers to match unwanted translations introduced by earlier models' aft-mounted attitude control.

The final Soyuz-TM flight was Soyuz TM-34, which launched April 25, 2002 and landed November 10, 2002.^[1]

Gallery

External links

• Russia New Russian spaceship will be able to fly to Moon - space corp
• RSC Energia: Concept Of Russian Manned Space Navigation Development
• Mir Hardware Heritage
  • David S.F. Portree, Mir Hardware Heritage, NASA RP-1357, 1995
  • Mir Hardware Heritage (wikisource)
• Information on Soyuz spacecraft
• OMWorld's ASTP Docking Trainer Page
• NASA - Russian Soyuz TMA Spacecraft Details
• Space Adventures circum-lunar mission - details

References

Soyuz programme Main topics Soyuz (rocket family) Soyuz (spacecraft) Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 1/5 Site 31/6 List of Soviet manned space missions List of Russian manned space missions Uncrewed missions Soyuz 7K-OK Kosmos 133 Kosmos 140 Kosmos 186 Kosmos 188 Kosmos 212 Kosmos 213 Kosmos 238 Soyuz 2 Soyuz 7K-L1/L1S (Zond lunar programme) Kosmos 146 Kosmos 154 Zond 1967A Zond 1967B Zond 4 Zond 1968A Zond 1968B Zond 5 Zond 6 Zond 1969A Zond-M 1 Zond-M 2 Zond 7 Zond 8 Zond 9 Zond 10 Soyuz 7K-T Kosmos 496 Kosmos 573 Kosmos 613 Kosmos 656 Soyuz 32 (uncrewed landing) Soyuz 34 (uncrewed launch) Soyuz 7K-TM Kosmos 638 Kosmos 672 Soyuz 7K-S Kosmos 670 Kosmos 772 Kosmos 869 Soyuz 7K-T/A9 Soyuz 20 Soyuz-T ("Soyuz 7K-ST") Kosmos 1001 Kosmos 1074 Soyuz T-1 Soyuz-TM ("Soyuz 7K-STM") Soyuz TM-1 Crewed missions Past Soyuz 7K-OK (1967–1970) 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Soyuz 7K-OKS (1971) 10 11 Soyuz 7K-T (1973–1981) 12 13 14 15 17 18a 18 21 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 (crewed launch) 33 34 (crewed landing) 35 36 37 38 39 40 Soyuz 7K-TM (1974–1976) 16 19 22 Soyuz-T (1976–1986) T-2 T-3 T-4 T-5 T-6 T-7 T-8 T-9 T-10-1 T-10 T-11 T-12 T-13 T-14 T-15 Soyuz-TM (1986–2003) TM-2 TM-3 TM-4 TM-5 TM-6 TM-7 TM-8 TM-9 TM-10 TM-11 TM-12 TM-13 TM-14 TM-15 TM-16 TM-17 TM-18 TM-19 TM-20 TM-21 TM-22 TM-23 TM-24 TM-25 TM-26 TM-27 TM-28 TM-29 TM-30 TM-31 TM-32 TM-33 TM-34 Soyuz-TMA (2003–2012) TMA-1 TMA-2 TMA-3 TMA-4 TMA-5 TMA-6 TMA-7 TMA-8 TMA-9 TMA-10 TMA-11 TMA-12 TMA-13 TMA-14 TMA-15 TMA-16 TMA-17 TMA-18 TMA-19 TMA-20 TMA-21 TMA-22 Soyuz-TMA-M (2010–2013) TMA-01M TMA-02M TMA-03M TMA-04M TMA-05M TMA-06M TMA-07M TMA-08M TMA-09M TMA-10M TMA-11M TMA-12M TMA-13M TMA-14M TMA-15M TMA-16M Current Soyuz-TMA-M (2014–2015) TMA-17M TMA-18M Planned Soyuz-TMA-M (2015–2016) TMA-19M TMA-20M Soyuz-MS (2016– ) MS-01 MS-02 MS-03 MS-04 MS-05

Soyuz variants Early programme Sever Soyuz 7K Soyuz 9K Soyuz 11K Soyuz-VI Soyuz P Soyuz PPK Soyuz R Soyuz 7K-TK 7K series Soyuz 7K-OK Soyuz 7K-L1 Soyuz 7K-LOK Soyuz 7K-TK Soyuz 7K-OKS Soyuz 7K-T Soyuz 7K-T/A9 Soyuz 7K-TM Soyuz 7K-MF6 Later series Soyuz-S Soyuz-T Soyuz-TM Soyuz-TMA/Soyuz TMA-M Soyuz-MS Progress Progress 7K-TG Progress-M Progress-M1 Progress-M2 Progress-MS Other derivatives Aelita Gamma