Wilhelm Windelband

Wilhelm Windelband
Wilhelm Windelband, prior to 1905
Born	May 11, 1848 (1848-05-11) Potsdam, Brandenburg, Prussia
Died	Did not recognize date. Try slightly modifying the date in the first parameter. Heidelberg, Grand Duchy of Baden, Germany

Era	19th-century philosophy
Region	Western Philosophy
School	Neo-Kantianism
Main interests	Metaphysics, mathematics
Notable ideas	the nomothetic–idiographic distinction
Influences Johann Friedrich Herbart, Hermann Lotze
Influenced Max Weber, Ernst Troeltsch, Albert Schweitzer

Wilhelm Windelband (May 11, 1848 – October 22, 1915) was a German philosopher of the Baden School.

His grave in Heidelberg

Windelband is now mainly remembered for the terms nomothetic and idiographic, which he introduced. These have currency in psychology and other areas, though not necessarily in line with his original meanings. Windelband was a neo-Kantian who protested other neo-Kantians of his time and maintained that "to understand Kant rightly means to go beyond him". Against his positivist contemporaries, Windelband argued that philosophy should engage in humanistic dialogue with the natural sciences rather than uncritically appropriating its methodologies. His interests in psychology and cultural sciences represented an opposition to psychologism and historicism schools by a critical philosophic system.

Windelband relied in his effort to reach beyond Kant on such philosophers as Johann Friedrich Herbart and Hermann Lotze. Closely associated with Windelband was Heinrich Rickert. Windelband's disciples were not only noted philosophers, but sociologists like Max Weber and theologians like Ernst Troeltsch and Albert Schweitzer.

Bibliography

The following works by Windelband are available in English translations:

Books

History of Philosophy (1893) (two volumes) reprinted 1901, 1938 and 1979 by Macmillan
History of Ancient Philosophy (1899)
An Introduction to Philosophy (1895)
Theories in Logic (1912)

Articles

"History and Natural Science" (J. T. Lamiell, transl.). Theory and Psychology 8, 1998, 6–22.

External links

A History of Philosophy—With especial reference to the formation and development of its problems and conceptions (1901) on archive.org
An Introduction to Philosophy on archive.org

Philosophy of science

Concepts	Analysis Analytic–synthetic distinction A priori and a posteriori Causality Commensurability Consilience Construct Creative synthesis Demarcation problem Empirical evidence Explanatory power Fact Falsifiability Feminist method Ignoramus et ignorabimus Inductive reasoning Intertheoretic reduction Inquiry Nature Objectivity Observation Paradigm Problem of induction Scientific law Scientific method Scientific revolution Scientific theory Testability Theory choice Theory-ladenness Underdetermination Unity of science

Metatheory of science	Coherentism Confirmation holism Constructive empiricism Constructive realism Constructivist epistemology Contextualism Conventionalism {Deductive-nomological model Hypothetico-deductive model Inductionism} Epistemological anarchism Fallibilism Foundationalism Instrumentalism Pragmatism Model-dependent realism Naturalism Physicalism Positivism-Reductionism-Determinism Rationalism / Empiricism Received view / Semantic view of theories Scientific realism / Anti-realism Scientific essentialism Scientific formalism Scientific skepticism Scientism Structuralism Uniformitarianism Vitalism

Philosophy of	Physics thermal and statistical Motion Chemistry Biology Environment Geography Social science Technology Engineering Artificial intelligence Computer science Information Mind Psychology Perception Space and time

Related topics	Alchemy Criticism of science Epistemology Faith and rationality History and philosophy of science History of science History of evolutionary thought Logic Metaphysics Pseudoscience Relationship between religion and science Rhetoric of science Sociology of scientific knowledge Sociology of scientific ignorance

Philosophers of science by era

Ancient	Plato Aristotle Stoicism Epicurians

Medieval	Averroes Avicenna Roger Bacon William of Ockham Hugh of Saint Victor Dominicus Gundissalinus Robert Kilwardby

Early modern	Francis Bacon Thomas Hobbes René Descartes Galileo Galilei Pierre Gassendi Isaac Newton David Hume

Late modern	Immanuel Kant Friedrich Schelling Auguste Comte William Whewell Wilhelm Windelband John Stuart Mill Herbert Spencer Pierre Duhem Henri Poincaré Wilhelm Wundt

Contemporary	Albert Einstein Bertrand Russell Alfred North Whitehead Rudolf Carnap W.V.O. Quine Bas van Fraassen Carl Gustav Hempel Charles Sanders Peirce Daniel Dennett Hans Reichenbach Ian Hacking Imre Lakatos Jürgen Habermas Karl Pearson Karl Popper Larry Laudan Michael Polanyi Otto Neurath Paul Feyerabend Thomas Kuhn

Categories

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Wilhelm Windelband